### Lesson Plan: Consonant Blends for Primary 2
**Topic:** Consonant Blends (e.g., bl, cr, st, pl, etc.)
**Grade Level:** Primary 2
**Duration:** 45 minutes
**Objectives:**
- Students will be able to identify and pronounce initial consonant blends in words.
- Students will practice reading and writing words that contain consonant blends.
- Students will enhance their phonetic awareness and improve their spelling skills.
**Materials Needed:**
- Flashcards with consonant blends (bl, cr, st, pl, etc.)
- Whiteboard and markers
- Word list with consonant blends
- Worksheets for practicing writing consonant blends
- Chart paper and colored markers
- Small objects or pictures corresponding to words with consonant blends
- Reward stickers
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**Lesson Outline:**
**1. Introduction (5 minutes)**
- Begin with a quick review of consonants and vowels.
- Introduce the concept of consonant blends by explaining that they are two consonants that come together in a word and both sounds are heard.
- Show a few examples on the whiteboard (e.g., bl in "black," cr in "crab," st in "star").
**2. Direct Instruction (10 minutes)**
- Use flashcards to introduce specific consonant blends: bl, cr, st, pl.
- Say the blends out loud and ask the students to repeat after you.
- Display a chart with the blends and ask students to come up with words that use these blends. Write the words on the chart.
**3. Guided Practice (10 minutes)**
- Divide the students into small groups.
- Give each group a set of pictures or objects. Ask them to identify and write down the corresponding word, emphasizing the consonant blends.
- Rotate around the groups to provide help and ensure understanding.
**4. Independent Practice (10 minutes)**
- Hand out worksheets where students need to fill in the blanks with the correct consonant blend to complete the word.
- Example: __ack (students should write "bl").
- Encourage students to try reading the completed words aloud.
**5. Group Activity (5 minutes)**
- Conduct a quick game of "Blend Bingo." Each student gets a bingo card with different words using consonant blends. Call out the sounds (e.g., "bl" as in "black") and the students mark their cards.
- Give small rewards like stickers to the winners.
**6. Review and Closing (5 minutes)**
- Recap the blends that were covered in the lesson.
- Invite a few students to come to the front and write one or two words from the word list on the board.
- Praise students for their participation and effort. Mention what will be covered in the next lesson.
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**Assessment:**
- Observe students during group and independent practice to ensure they are correctly identifying and using the blends.
- Collect and review the worksheets to assess individual progress.
- Monitor participation and correct usage during the "Blend Bingo" game.
**Follow-Up Activities:**
- Assign homework with additional practice on consonant blends.
- Encourage students to bring in items or pictures from home that contain initial consonant blends for a show-and-tell session.
**Differentiation:**
- For advanced learners: Provide more challenging blends or longer words.
- For struggling students: Offer one-on-one support and use simpler blend words. Use tactile activities, such as letter tiles, to build words.
**Extending the Lesson:**
- Incorporate a storybook with a focus on words containing consonant blends, and have a reading session.
- Use a phonics app or online game for additional practice.